Commentary for Bava Batra 55:3
ר' ישמעאל אומר ג' חדשים בראשונה ג' באחרונה ושנים עשר חדש באמצע הרי י"ח חדש
MAKING EIGHTEEN MONTHS IN ALL. R. AKIBA SAYS: ALL THAT IS REQUIRED IS A MONTH IN THE FIRST, A MONTH IN THE LAST, AND TWELVE MONTHS IN THE MIDDLE, MAKING FOURTEEN MONTHS IN ALL.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For R. Akiba's reason, v. infra 362. ');"><sup>7</sup></span> R. ISHMAEL SAYS: THIS REFERS ONLY TO A CORNFIELD,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'field of white', so called because the corn casts no shade. (Jast.) ');"><sup>8</sup></span> BUT IN A FIELD PLANTED WITH TREES,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is also a kind of non-irrigated field. ');"><sup>9</sup></span>
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תוס שלשה חדשים בראשונה
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From rashi---------------------------------------------מתוך פירש הקונטרס
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its masmah from rabbi yishmael----------------- משמע דבעי רבי ישמעאל
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That he should plant and harvest ---------------------- שהוא יזרע ויקצור
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in those first 3 months and in the last 3 month באותן שלשה חדשים ראשונים וכן באחרונים
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And it's not a wonder ---------------------------------------------ואין תימה
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That produce that was planted after nissan -שתהא תבואה הנזרעת אחר ניסן
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It grows in 3 months and its season isn't ---גדילה בג' חדשים באין זמנה
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Till the upcoming nissan --------------------------------------עד ניסן הבא
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Because we find ---------------------------------------------------- דמצינן
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Like similar we do say -------------------------------------כעין זה דאמרינן
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in rosh hashanah ---------------------------------------------בראש השנה
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all produce that's harvested sukkos time---------כל תבואה הנקצרת בחג
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it is known that it grow a 3rd ---------------------- בידוע שהביאה שליש
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before rosh hashanah-------------------------------------לפני ראש השנה
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its seems to be -------------------------------------------------------אלמא
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it grows occasionally------------------------------------------גדלה פעמים
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in this time -------------------------------------------------------באותו זמן
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but the rei asks ---------------------------------------------אבל קשיא לר"י
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if so why ------------------------------------------------------- אם כן אמאי
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you need 18 months----------------------------------------צריך י"ח חדשים
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in 15 months----------------------------------------------------בט"ו חדשים
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its enough-------------------------------------------------------------סגי
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you should plant 3 months ------------------------------שיזרע ג' חדשים
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before Nissan-----------------------------------------------------לפני ניסן
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harvest in Nissan --------------------------------------------ויקצור בניסן
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2nd ---------------------------------------------------------------------ושניה
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the end of the summer ----------------------------------------בסוף הקיץ
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a 3rd in the upcoming year------------------------------ושלישית בניסן הבא
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tosfos answers ----------------------------------------------------וי"ל
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you need a major eating of a crop------------- דצריך אכילה חשובה של י"ב
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in the middle ---------------------------------------------------באמצע
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even though --------------------------------------------------אע"ג
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that we say in the gemara -------------------------------------'דאמרי' בגמ
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he ate 3 types of fruit ------------------------------------- אכל תלת פירי
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in 3 months --------------------------------------------------לתלתא ירחי
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for example ------------------------ כגון
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hay ----------------------------- אספסתא
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according to rabbi yishmael -------------- לרבי ישמעאל
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there is a chazka ----------- הויא חזקה
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there it's different ------------- שאני התם
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because it is its proper time---------- לפי שהוא זמן שלה
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but the rei has a question --------- אבל קשה לר"י
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we say in the gemara ------------ (:דאמרי' בגמ' (לקמן דף לו
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a big fruit ----------------------- פירא רבה
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a small fruit ---------------------- ופירא זוטא
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there is between them (a difference) ------ איכא בינייהו דר' ישמעאל ור"ע
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and rashi explains ------ ופירש הקונטרס
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rabbi yishmael holds --------- דר' ישמעאל סבר
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a big fruit ----------------------- פירא רבה
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for example barley and outs -------------- כגון שעורים ושבולת שועל
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it grows in 3 months---------- שגדלים בג' חדשים
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rabbi akiva holdes -------------- ור"ע סבר
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a small fruit ---------------------- פירא זוטא
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for example----------------------------כגון
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a fruit that grows----------------ירק הגדל
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in one month-------------------בחדש אחד
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and they say ------------------ והא אמרינן
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it says in the gemara later on ------------ (בגמרא (לקמן ע"ב
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aspasta (hay) that grows in 1 month --------------- דאספסתא בחדש אחד
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it is a chazuka according to reb yeshmeal ------ הויא חזקה לרבי ישמעאל
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it appears to the rei -----------ונראה לר"י
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rabbi yishmael does not require --------------- דלא בעי רבי ישמעאל
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that the wheat to be planted and harvested ------- שיזרע התבואה ויקצור
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even if the (first owner) planted ------------ אלא אפי' זרעה הראשון
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he the (machzik) planted in the last 3 months --------------------------- או הוא יזרענה בשלשה חדשים אחרונים
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even if he didn't cut it down ---------------- אע"פ שלא קצרה
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and in this they argue -------------------- ובהא פליגי
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rabbi yishmael holdes ------------------ דרבי ישמעאל סבר
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we need the growth of the fruit --------- בעינן שיהא גדל הפרי
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in his possession a lot ------------------- ברשותו הרבה
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for example ------------------------------ כגון
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three months ------------------------- ג' חדשים
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and this is a big fruit -------------- והיינו פירא רבה
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Rabbi Akiva holds ------------------------ ור"ע סבר
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because its not necessary to grow on his property - דאין צריך שיגדל ברשותו
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only for one month -------------- אלא חדש אחד
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and this is the meaning for small fruit ------------- והיינו פירא זוטא
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and if you're going to ask -------------------- וא"ת
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how will it be noticeable---------------- היאך יהא ניכר
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that he will be able to have a chazka ---------------- שיחזיק בה
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the 1st or the last -------------------- כל ג' חדשים ראשונים או אחרונים
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because in one day or in 2 days ----------------- 'כי ביום אחד או בב
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you can harvest ---------------------------- יוכל לקצור
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or to plant -------------------------------------------- או לזרוע
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if you are going to ask ------------------------- וכי תימא
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that he can weed the field --------------------- שמנכש את השדה
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you fix it ---------------------------------------- ומתקנו
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this is not a chazka ------------------ הא לא הויא חזקה
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similar to the way regarding plowing -------------------- מידי דהוה אניר
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like you say later on ---------------- (:דאמר לקמן (דף לו
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you do not have a chazka ------------------ דלא הויא חזקה
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because he the (owner) can say ------------ משום דמימר אמר
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every tooth of the plow --------------- כל שיבא דכרבא.
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stick it in (field) ------------------------------------ ניעול בה
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tosfos answers ------------------------------------------- וי"ל
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for example eating shacas ------------ כגון שאוכלה שחת
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like this we learned ------------------- (.והא דאמרי' (שם
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he ate shacas ------------------------- אכלה שחת
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there isn't a chazka -------------- לא הויא חזקה
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this applies ------------------------------- ה"מ
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if you eat in this way ---------- כשאוכל בענין זה
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the food doesn't grow back ----------------- שאין התבואה חוזרת
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in this it's possible to say ---------- לבא דשייך לומר
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this is not a way of chazka ---------------- לאו אחזקת
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like people ----------------------------- כדמחזקי אינשי
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therefore -------------------------------------- לפיכך
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he did not think to screem לא חש למחות??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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but if you ate shacas --------- אבל אם אכלה שחת
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in a way that it will not ruin the wheat ------ בענין שאין התבואה מתקלקלת
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the way people do ------------------- כדרך שבני אדם עושים
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so to by vegetable ------------------- בעוד שהוא ירק
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it didn't come --------------------------------- ולא בא עדיין
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- גבעול שלה????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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there is no chazka ---------------------- .הויא חזקה
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and buy a tree field ------------------------- ובשדה אילן
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in this the raban argue ------------- דבעו רבנן דפליגי
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with Rabbi yishmael in the gemara later on - אר' ישמעאל בגמרא????????????????????????????????????
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3 complete years ----------------------- מיום ליום ג' שנים
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even though --------------------------------------- אע"ג
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it's not possible to eat shacas over there (tree field) -------- דלא שייך התם אכלה שחת
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in all places --------------------------------------- מ"מ
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- איכא למימר???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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for example ------------------------------------------ כגון
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that he prones the trees ---------------- שזומר
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and he kept the branches for in self ---------- ומעכב העצים לעצמו
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even though -------------------------- ואע"ג
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they get fixed with it ----------------- דמתקן בכך
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and this is like plowing ----------- והוי כמו ניר
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- כיון (שמתקן) העצים לעצמו??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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it's not possible to say --------- לא שייך למימר
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every tooth of the plow --------- כל שיבא דכרבא
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stick it in the (field) -------------------- ניעול בה
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the rei says even more ---------- ועוד אומר ר"י
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that he made a chazka in it (field) -------- דאחזיק בה
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in this case ---------------------------- בכה"ג
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he locks and fences in the field ---------- שנעל וגדר את השדה
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and he locks the opening --------------- ונועל במפתח
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and he does not allow any person to enter ---------------------- ואין מניח אדם ליכנס
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and this that the gemara says --------- (:והא דאמר בגמרא (דף כט
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how do you make a chazka in a rock field ------------ צונמא במאי קני לה
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we don't say ---------------------------- ולא קאמר
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for example ---------------------------------------- כגון
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if he locks and fences --------------------- שנעלה וגדרה
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we do say ------------------------------- איכא למימר
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locking by itself doesn't help -------------- דאין נעילה מועלת
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rather if so --------------------------------------- אא"כ
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there is a eating in the field --------- איכא אכילה בהדה
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or planting ---------------------------------- או זריעה
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but if he locked it by itself (without an eating) ------ אבל נעילה גרידא
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it doesn't help at all --------------- לא מהני מידי
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and now ------------------------------------ והשתא
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it comes out good ------------------------- אתי שפי
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also to the rabanan and rabbi yishmael ---------- נמי לרבנן דרבי ישמעאל
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